After studying a wealth of planetary data for the motion of the
planets about the sun, Johannes Kepler proposed three laws of planetary
motion. Kepler's second law states
The dot pattern shows that as the planet is closest the sun, the
planet is moving fastest and as the planet is farthest from the sun, it
is moving slowest. Nonetheless, the imaginary line joining the center of
the planet to the center of the sun sweeps out the same amount of area
in each equal interval of time.
An imaginary line joining a planet and the sun sweeps out an equal area of space in equal amounts of time.
The animation below depicts the elliptical orbit of a planet about the sun.
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